Psychosocial interventions for the prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder: systematic review of controlled trials.

BACKGROUND Pharmacological interventions alone do not provide sufficient benefit for some individuals with bipolar disorder. AIMS To determine the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for the prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder. METHOD A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials were conducted. RESULTS Cognitive-behavioural therapy or group psychoeducation may be effective for relapse prevention in stable individuals. Family therapy was no more or less effective than individual psychosocial therapy or crisis management. There is no evidence that care management or integrated group therapy is effective in the prevention of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive-behavioural therapy, group psychoeducation and possibly family therapy may be beneficial as adjuncts to pharmacological maintenance treatments.